Menene nau'ikan huɗubakin karfe kusoshi?
1. Teflon
Aikin ciniki na PTFE ", Teflon", PTFE mai sauƙi ko F4, wanda aka sani da Sarki robobi. Yana daya daga cikin abubuwanda suka fi rasani a duniya a yau. Ana amfani dashi don kera bututun gas mai ruwa, masu musayar zafi da sauran haɗin kayan aiki. Kyakkyawan abin rufe ido.
Tetrafluoroowhylene shine ɗayan mafi kyawun kayan juriya a cikin duniya a yau, don haka yana da suna "Matar filastik". Ana iya amfani dashi a kowane irin najir na sunadarai na dogon lokaci, kuma samarwa ta warware matsaloli da yawa a cikin sinadarai na ƙasata, man fetur, magunguna da sauran filayen. Teflon Seals, Gastani, Gastani. PolyteTrafluoorethylene, Gastani, da Gastani da aka yi da tashoshin rufewar polymerized polytetrafluoroowhylene resin. Idan aka kwatanta da sauran robobi, PTFE yana da halayen kyawawan juriya da zazzabi. An yi amfani da shi sosai azaman abin ƙyalli da kuma cikas.
Wannan yanki ne mai polymer wanda aka kafa ta hanyar polymerization na Tetrafluoroowhylene. Yana da kyawawan tsabtace kariya, juriya na lalata, airropheness, airrication, mai tsayi, marasa ƙarfi, rashin lubrical da kyakkyawan juriya ga tsufa. Zai iya aiki na dogon lokaci a zazzabi na +250℃zuwa -180℃. Ban da sodium na ƙarfe da ruwa mai narkewa, zai iya jure duk wasu sunadarai. Ba zai canza lokacin da aka dafa shi a cikin Aqua Regia ba.
A halin yanzu, kowane irin kayayyakin PTFE sun taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin tattalin arzikin kasa kamar yadda masana'antun sunadarai, masana'antar lantarki, Aerospace, Kare Harkokin soja da gadoji. bakin karfe dunƙule
2. Fiber carbon
Carbon fiber shine fibbon carbon abu tare da abun ciki na carbon na sama da 90%. C / C Haɗin abu ya ƙunshi shi kuma resin shine ɗayan kayan masarufi masu tsauri.
Fible Carbon wani sabon nau'in babban ƙarfi, mafi girman-modulus fiber tare da abun ciki na carbon fiye da 95%. Abubuwan hoto na MicrocryStalline ne wanda ke karɓar flake Graphy Graphy Microcrystals da sauran zargin na tare da jiyya na fiber. Carbon fiber shine "m a waje da kuma m a ciki". Ingancinsa yana da haske fiye da na aluminum na ƙarfe, amma ƙarfinsa ya fi na ƙarfe. Hakanan yana da halayen juriya na lalata da babban modulus. Abu ne mai mahimmanci a cikin tsaron kasa, sojoji da aikace-aikacen farar hula. Ba wai kawai yana da halaye na kayan carbon ba, har ma yana da zurfin da ke daɗaɗen zaruruwa. Sabuwar ƙarni na karfafa zaruruwa.
Fiber carbon yana da kyawawan kaddarorin. Fiber Carbon yana da ƙarfin gaske da kuma modulus, low yawa, babban takamaiman aiki, wani yanayi mai kyau da kuma takamaiman zafi, da kuma takamaiman zafin rana suna tsakanin rashin ƙarfe da rashin ƙarfe. Daga cikin etals, mafi yawan amfanin fadada shine ƙanana da anisotropic, juriya na lalata yana da kyau, kuma watsawar X-ray yana da kyau. Kyakkyawan halayen lantarki da Thermality, kyakkyawar garkuwa da lantarki, da sauransu.
Idan aka kwatanta da Fibar gilashin gilashi na gargajiya, matashin matasa na fiber carbon ya fi sau 3; Idan aka kwatanta da fiber na Kevlar, modulus matasa yana da kusan sau 2, kuma ba ya kumbura ko ya kumbura ko ya kumbura ko ya kumbura ko ya kumbura ko ya kumbura ko ya kumbura ko ya kumbura ko ya kumbura ko kumburi da kayan aikin cuta, acid, da alkalis. Fitattun juriya na lalata.
3
A yanzu oxide na tagulla a halin yanzu shine mafi yawan kayan masarufi. Sweden ta kasance koyaushe jagoran duniya a fagen zagewar nukiliya. Yanzu kasar'Sansan Turawa suna amfani da sabon akwati da aka yi da itacen ovilide don adana sharar nukiliya, wanda zai iya ba da garantin ajiya na shekaru 100,000.
Orand Oxide shine baki baki na jan ƙarfe, dan kadan amphilic da dan kadan hygroscopic. Kwayoyin kwayar halittar mutum shine 79.545, yawansu shine 6.9 ~ 6.9 g / cm3, da kuma meling muni ne 1326℃. Abin da ke ciki ne cikin ruwa da ethanol, mai narkewa a cikin acid, ammonium chloride da potassium maganin cacai. Yana narke a hankali a cikin maganin ammoniya kuma na iya amsawa da alkali mai ƙarfi. Ana amfani da duhun daure daure na ƙarfe, glazes da enams, magunguna, qwari, qwaries, da gilashin hydrogen, masu kara kuzari, da gilashi.
4. Platerum
Platinum yana da kwanciyar hankali kuma baya hulɗa tare da hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, sulfuricid acid, sulfuric acid, acid na acid a cikin dakin da zazzabi. Ana kiranta da "mafi yawan morroust m karfe", amma yana da narkewa a cikin Aqua Regia. Titanium mai sauƙin samar da fim ɗin mai kariya na Titanium Oxide, saboda haka ana ɗaukar bututun mai sanyin sanyin sanyi don free daga lalata da lalacewa.
Platinum wani ƙarfe ne na farin ƙarfe mai farin ƙarfe. Platinum ya haskaka haske mai ƙyalli a cikin tarihin wayewar ɗan adam tun da farkon 700 BC. A cikin sama da shekaru 2,000 na ɗan adam amfani da platinum, koyaushe ana ɗaukarsa a matsayin ɗaya daga cikin karafa masu daraja.
Yanayin platinum yana da tabbaci sosai, ba zai lalace ko ɓarke ba saboda suturar yau da kullun, kuma luster din koyaushe ɗaya ne. Ko da ya kasance cikin hulɗa da abubuwa na acid na yau da kullun a rayuwa, kamar sulfur a cikin maɓuɓɓugan zafi, ko gumi, chlorine a cikin wuraren shakatawa, don haka zaku iya sa kayan kwalliya na platinum tare da ƙarfin gwiwa a kowane lokaci. Ko da yaushe ne lokacin da aka sa shi, platinum koyaushe zai iya kula da farin farin luster da fari kuma ba zai taɓa shuɗewa ba.
Lokaci: Satum-24-2021