Kukho iindidi ezine ze-bolts zentsimbi ezingenasitali

Zithini izigaba ezine zeI-bolts zentsimbi ezingalunganga?

I-1. Teflon

Igama loRhwebo le-PTFE yi "teflon", elula ptfe okanye i-F4, ebizwa ngokuba yiNkosi yePlastiki. Yenye yezona zinto zichasene nezixhobo zokunganyangeki emhlabeni namhlanje. Isetyenziselwa ukwenza imibhobho yegesi yerhasi, i-sharicals kunye nonxibelelwano lwezixhobo zomxholo. Izinto ezilungileyo zokutywina.

I-TetrafluoroOuthune yenye yezona zinto zichasene nezixhobo zokunganyangeki zona ehlabathini namhlanje, ngoko ke kudume "uKumkani weplasitiki". Ingasetyenziswa kulo naluphi na uhlobo lwendawo yemichiza yexesha elide, kwaye imveliso yawo isombulule iingxaki ezininzi kwicandelo lelizwe lam, ipetroleum, amayeza kunye namanye amasimi. I-Teflon yamatywina, irhasi, irhasi. Polytetrafluoroethylene seals, gaskets, and sealing gaskets are made of suspension polymerized polytetrafluoroethylene resin. Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iiplastiki, i-PTFA ineempawu zokungaxhathisi iikhemikhali kunye nokunyangwa kobushushu. Isetyenziswe ngokubanzi njengezinto zokutywina kunye nezinto zokugcwalisa.

Yinxalenye ye-polymer eyenziwe ngePolymerization yeTetrafluororoouthune. Inozinzo oluhle kakhulu lwekhemikhali, ukuxhathisa i-PROSION, i-ailight, i-thambisa ephezulu, ukungakhathali kombane kunye nokunganyangeki kakuhle ekuxhaseni. Ingasebenza ixesha elide kubushushu be-+250℃ukuya -180℃. Ngaphandle kwe-sodium yentsimbi enyibilikayo kunye ne-fluorine engamanzi, inokumelana nazo zonke ezinye iichemicals. Ayizukutshintsha xa ibilisiwe kwi-Aqua Regia.

Okwangoku, zonke iintlobo zeemveliso ze-ptfe zidlale indima ebaluleke kakhulu kuqoqosho lweSizwe ezinje ngamashishini emichiza, oomatshini, izixhobo zombane, ishishini lezesimo, ukhuseleko lwendalo, ukhuseleko lwendalo, ukukhuselwa kwezesimo, ukhuseleko lwendalo, ukukhuselwa kwezesimo, ukhuseleko lwendalo, ukukhuselwa kwezesimo, ukhuseleko lwendalo, ukukhuselwa kwezesimo, ukhuseleko lwendalo, ukukhuselwa kwezesimo, ukhuseleko lwendalo, ukukhuselwa kwezesimo, ukhuseleko lwendalo, ukukhuselwa kwezakhiwo. I-screen yentsimbi engenasitayile

2. I-carbon fiber

I-carbon fiber yindawo yekhabhoni ye-fibbon enomxholo wekhabhoni ongaphezulu kwe-90%. Isixhobo se-C / C esihlanganisiweyo esidityaniswe yiyo kwaye i-resin yenye yezona zinto zichasene ne-colosion.

I-carbon fiber luhlobo olutsha lwamandla aphezulu, i-fiber ephezulu yemodyuli enomxholo wekhabhoni ongaphezulu kwe-95%. Yi-microcrystalline yegrafu efunyanwa ngokuhamba nge-piling i-fackert i-rocrystals kunye nezinye iintsinga ze-organic ecaleni kwendlela yefayibha, kwaye zisenziwa i-carbonis. I-carbon fiber "iyaguquguquka ngaphandle kwaye iqinile ngaphakathi". Umgangatho wayo ulula ngakumbi kuneso se-almininum yentsimbi, kodwa amandla ayo aphezulu kune-SEE. Ikwaneempawu zokunganyangeki kwengqondo kunye nemodyuli ephezulu. Yinto ebalulekileyo kwi-Tevelour, izicelo zomkhosi kunye nezicelo zoluntu. Ayisiyo nje iimpawu zendalo kuphela kwezinto zekhabhoni, kodwa ineendlela ezithambileyo zeentsinga. Sisizukulwana esitsha sokuqinisa imicu.

I-carbon fiber ineempawu ezininzi ezilungileyo. I-carbon fiber inamandla aphezulu e-axial kunye nemodyuli, i-subrity ephezulu, ukusebenza okuphezulu, ukungavisisani kobushushu obuphakathi, kwaye ubushushu obuthile kunye ne-itric. Phakathi kwezinyithi, ukulingana kokwandiswa kwe-thermal kuyinto encinci kwaye i-anisotropic, ukumelana nokunganyangeki kulungile, kwaye ukuhanjiswa kwe-X-ray kulungile. Ukuqhubela phambili kombane kunye nokwenzeka kwe-thermal, i-electromagnetic yekhusi, njl.

Xa kuthelekiswa ne-fiber yeglasi yendabuko, imodyuli yolutsha ye-carbon fiber ingaphezulu kwamaxesha ama-3; Xa kuthelekiswa ne-Kevber fiber, imodyuli yosana imalunga namaxesha ama-2, kwaye ayishukumi okanye idumbele kwiinyibilikisi zezinto eziphilayo, i-AIDS, neAlkalis. Ukunganyangeki kwe-corosion.

I-3. I-Copper Oxide

Okwangoku i-oxide ye-oxide okwangoku yeyona nto inyangekayo. ISweden ibisoloko iyinkokeli yehlabathi kwicandelo lokulahla inkunkuma yenyukliya. Ngoku ilizwe'Iitekhnoloji zisebenzisa isitya esitsha esenziwe nge-oxide ye-oxide ukuba igcine inkunkuma yenyukliya, enokuqinisekisa ukugcinwa okukhuselekileyo iminyaka eyi-100000.

I-Copper Oxide yi-Oxide emnyama ye-Copper, i-ampperic kunye ne-hygroscopic encinci. I-MALERURE MOLERUR yi-79.545, ukuxinana yi-6.3 ~ 6.9 g / cm3, kunye nendawo yokunyibilika yi-1326℃. Ayinyibiliki emanzini nase-Ethanol, inyibilikisi kwi-acid, i-Ammonium Chide kunye ne-potassium cysside. Inyibilikisi kancinci kwisisombululo se-Ammonia kwaye sinokusabela nge-alkali eyomeleleyo. I-Copper Oxide ikakhulu isetyenziselwa ukwenza iRayon, i-ceramics, igqabi, iibhetri, ipetroleum disfurizers, imfuyo ye-pidrogen, kunye neglasi eluhlaza.

4. Iplatinam

IPlatinam izitares zekhemikhali kwaye ayisebenzi nge-Hydrochloric Acid, i-Nitric Acid, i-Sulfuric Acid kunye ne-acid ye-orgad kwiqondo lokushisa. Ibizwa ngokuba yintsimbi "ye-corrosion ye-corrosion", kodwa inyibilikiswa kwi-Aqua Regia. I-titanium ilula ukwenza ifilimu ekhuselweyo ye-titanium oxide, ngoko ke ityhubhu yokuphola i-Titanium ithathelwa ingqalelo ukuba ingabikho ekususweni nasekukhukuliseni.

IPlatinam yindawo eyenzeka ngokwemvelo yendalo emhlophe. IPlatinam yakhanyisa ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo kwimbali yempucuko yabantu malunga ne-700 BC. Kwiminyaka engaphezu kwama-2 000 yokusebenzisa abantu iPlatinam, ihlala ithathwa njengeyona nto ixabisekileyo.

Uhlobo lwePlatinam luzinzile kakhulu, ayizukuwe isiba phantsi okanye ivele ngenxa yokunxiba imihla ngemihla, kwaye i-luster yayo ihlala ifana. Nokuba iza kudibana nezinto eziqhelekileyo ze-acidic ebomini, njenge-sulfure kwimithombo eshushu, iblech, i-chlorine ngeendawo zokubhukuda, okanye ukubulawa, ukuze ungazithembi ngalo naliphi na ixesha. Nokuba injani ixesha elide, iplatinam ingasoloko igcina i-luster emhlophe yendalo kwaye ayisoze iphele.